Ka'idar eriya na sadarwa da na'urorin haɗi,
yadda ake samun mafi kyawun karɓa da watsa sigina don masu maimaita siginar 3g/4g?
Yanar Gizo:https://www.lintratek.com/
Na farko, ka'idar eriya:
1.1 Ma'anar eriya:
Na'urar da za ta iya haskaka raƙuman ruwa na lantarki da kyau zuwa takamaiman alkibla a sararin samaniya ko kuma za ta iya karɓar igiyoyin wutar lantarki da kyau daga takamaiman shugabanci a sararin samaniya.
1.2 Ayyukan Eriya:
Ø Canjin makamashi - jujjuya raƙuman ruwa mai jagora da raƙuman sararin samaniya kyauta; Radiyon kai tsaye (liyafar) - yana da takamaiman kai tsaye.
1.3 Ka'idodin radiation na Eriya:
1.4 Ma'aunin Antenna
Sigar Radiation
Ø Rabin wutar lantarki nisa, rabo na gaba zuwa baya;
Ø Yanayin polarization, giciye polarization nuna bambanci;
Ø Matsayin jagora, ribar eriya;
Ø Babban lobe, lobe na sakandare, ɓacin rai na gefe, ciko sifili, katako downtilt…
Sigar kewayawa
Matsakaicin igiyoyin wutar lantarki na tsaye VSWR, ƙimar tunani Γ, asarar RL;
Ø Input impedance Zin, asarar watsawa TL;
Ø kadaici Iso;
Ø M oda na uku Intermodulation PIM3…
Antenna sidelobe
Nisa a kwance
Gaba da baya rabo: Yana ƙayyadad da rabon wutar da ke haskakawa ta gaba zuwa eriya da kuma mai haskaka baya a cikin ± 30°.
Dangantaka tsakanin riba da girman eriya da nisa
Daidaita “taya”, mafi yawan siginar mai da hankali, mafi girman riba, girman eriya, da kunkuntar katako;
Ga wasu mahimman abubuwan samun eriya:
Eriya na'urar da ba ta da ƙarfi kuma ba za ta iya samar da kuzari ba. Samun eriya shine kawai ikon tattara kuzari yadda yakamata don haskakawa ko karɓar igiyoyin lantarki ta musamman.
Ø Riba na eriya yana haifar da babban matsayi na masu rawar jiki. Mafi girman riba, tsayin eriya. Ƙara riba ta 3dB kuma ninka ƙarar.
Mafi girman ribar eriya, mafi kyawun kai tsaye, mafi yawan kuzarin kuzari, kuma mafi ƙarancin lobe.
1.5 Ma'aunin Radiation
Polarization: yana nufin yanayi ko canjin yanayin filin lantarki a sararin samaniya.
1.6 Ma'aunin kewayawa
Dawo da asara
Na biyu, samfuran eriya
2.1 Hanyar Sunan Eriya:
Categories eriya: ODP ( eriyar kwatancen waje), OOA ( eriya ta waje), IXD ( eriyar rufin cikin gida), OCS ( eriya ta waje ), OCA ( eriya tari ta waje ), OYI ( eriyar Yagi na waje ), ORA (fitowar waje). eriya ta sama), IWH (eriyar da aka ɗora bangon cikin gida) da sauransu.
Rabin Wutar Wuta: 032,065,090,105,360 (eriya ta tushe) 020,030,040,050,060,075,090,120,160,360 (eriya mai maimaitawa)
Yanayin Polarization: R (dual polarization), V (polarization guda)
Riba: Matsakaicin ƙimar shine 21dbi bisa ainihin ƙimar
Nau'in haɗin gwiwa: D (Din head), N (N-type head), S (SMA head), T (TNC head) da sauransu.
Ƙirar mitar:
Lambar ƙayyadaddun bayanai: Haruffa na Roman suna nuna ƙarni na samfurin. Haruffa da lambobi masu zuwa suna nuna kusurwar dip, siffar, da sauran bayanai. Nau'in F; V tsarin lantarki; RV m lantarki daidaitacce
2.2 Base Station Eriya
Eriya Dual-Frequency Eriya ta Komai kai tsaye
Eriya-Mita Uku
Rufin Antenna
Eriya mai Dutsen bango
Yagi Antenna
Grid Antenna
Broadband Omnidirectional Antenna Log-Periodic Antenna Plate Eriya
3.1 Mai Raba Wuta
Mai rarraba wutar lantarki wata na'ura ce da ke raba makamashin siginar fitarwa guda biyu ko fiye da haka. Yana da gaske mai canzawa impedance.
Ø Za a iya juya mai rarraba wutar lantarki don maye gurbin mai haɗawa?
Lokacin amfani dashi azaman mai haɗawa, ba kawai yana buƙatar babban keɓewa ba, ƙarancin raƙuman raƙuman ruwa, amma kuma yana mai da hankali kan buƙatun jure babban iko. Idan aka yi la'akari da cewa tashoshin fitarwa na mai raba wutar rami da aka saba amfani da su ba su daidaita ba, babban igiyar igiyar ruwa; Saboda ƙarancin juriya na mai raba wutar lantarki na microstrip, ba mu bada shawarar yin amfani da mai raba wutar lantarki don maye gurbin mai haɗawa ba.
Rarraba Wutar Kogo
Hudu, gabatarwar coupler
4.1 Ma'aurata
Ø Coupler wani nau'in sinadari ne wanda ke rarraba makamashin siginar shigarwa ta hanyar wutar lantarki da mahaɗar filin maganadisu don zama wani ɓangare na fitarwar ƙarshen haɗin gwiwa, da sauran abubuwan ƙarshen fitarwa don kammala rarraba wutar lantarki.
Ø Ba a rarraba wutar lantarki na ma'aurata ba daidai ba. Har ila yau aka sani da ikon samfurin.
Ma'aurata na hanya
Ana amfani da ma'auratan kai tsaye tare da ƙayyadaddun jagorancin siginar microwave don yin samfur, babban manufar ita ce ware da ware siginar, ko akasin haka, haɗa sigina daban-daban, in babu kaya na ciki, ma'auratan jagora sau da yawa cibiyar sadarwa ce ta tashar jiragen ruwa huɗu.
Cavity coupler
Features: Bayar da babban iko, ƙarancin hasara.
Dalilin:
1. Ramin yana cike da iska, kuma a cikin tsarin watsawa, watsa labaran watsa labaru da ke haifar da matsakaicin iska ya fi ƙasa da ƙasa.
2. Gabaɗaya bel ɗin waya mai haɗaɗɗiyar ana yin shi ne da madugu mai kyakyawar wutar lantarki (kamar platin azurfa akan saman jan ƙarfe), kuma asarar madugu ba ta da kyau.
3. Babban ƙarar rami, saurin zafi mai zafi. Yi tsayayya da babban iko.
Attenuator
Ø Attenuator abu ne mai ma'amala da tashar jiragen ruwa biyu
Mafi yawan amfani da attenuators su ne sha attenuators.
Yawanci ana amfani da attenuator coaxial a aikin injiniya, wanda ya ƙunshi cibiyar sadarwa ta “π” ko “T”.
Coaxial attenuators yawanci suna da nau'i biyu na ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun abubuwa da masu daidaitawa.
Ø Ana amfani da attenuators galibi don sarrafa isar da makamashin siginar microwave a cikin tsarin ganowa da kuma cinye kuzarin da ya wuce kima, don haka haɓaka kewayon ma'aunin sigina, kamar mitoci masu ƙarfi, masu nazarin bakan, amplifiers, masu karɓa, da sauransu.
Yanar Gizo:https://www.lintratek.com/
# Amplifier 4g #Maimaita 4g
衰减器
Ø衰减器是二端口互易元件
Ø衰减器最常用的是吸收式衰减器.
Ø工程中通常使用的是同轴型衰减器，由“π”型或“T”型衰减网络组成。
Ø同轴衰减器通常有固定及可变衰减两种。
Ø衰减器主要用于检测系统中控制微波信号传输能量、消耗超额追量，因而扩展信号测量的动态范围，诸如功率计，频谱分析仪，放大器，接收器等。
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-18-2024